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Tuesday, June 23, 2009

What Sports Teach Our Kids and Why Video Games are Better.

Violence at a Youth Hockey Game.


Introduction

Recently I appeared on a local radio talk show to speak about some of the benefits of Video Games for education. It is a popular topic for radio talk shows because it is somewhat controversial and many people have strong opinions on the topic (not really based on fact but strong opinions never-the-less.) You can listen to the show and see some of the interesting comments at the link Educating through video games -- Radio Smart Talk, Tuesday, June 23

On the show one of the callers accused me of just pointing out the positive aspects of video games and ignoring the negative aspects and then he went on to explain why organized kids sports were so much better at teaching kids life skills like, teamwork, cooperation, sportsmanship, over coming adversity, etc. Then he contended that video games can't teach ethics, empathy or other important skills. The implication is that kids learn far more positive lessons in organized kids sports than playing video games.

This is a common argument and seems to have merit on the surface but it has always bothered me. Do sports always teach these laudable values? Are organized kids sports "perfect" teachers of morals and teamwork while video games are "evil."

To determine if this is right, I did some research to find out just what kids learn playing organized sports.

Lessons Taught via Organized Kids Sports

Here are some of the lessons:

Humiliation builds character.
This lesson was taught by basketball coach Micah Grimes who's high school girl's basketball team beat a winless opponent 100 to zero. According to one article "The defeated, scoreless team had eight girls on its varsity roster and about 20 girls total in its high school. The team was winless over four previous seasons. The school for those girls specializes in teaching students struggling with 'learning differences,' such as short attention spans or dyslexia."

The opposing coach denies running up the score (which is up for debate) and in a letter to the editor, he wrote "We experienced a blowout almost 4 years ago [not 100 to 0] and it was painful, but it made us who we are today. I believe in the lessons that sports teach us. Competition builds character, and teaches us to value selflessness, hard work, and perseverance." So I guess the lesson from coach is if you humiliate another team 100 to nothing you are making them better.

According to Coach Grimes, he wasn't humiliating that team or running up the score, he was simply teaching those girls a valuable sports lesson, he was building character by humiliating them by as large a margin as possible so they'd be better later...that's the sports logic. I'm sure those girls are better today having been beaten by 100 points, 80 just wouldn't have the same "positive impact."

Here is the coaches letter. And here is an article on the game.

Kick the other team when they are down.
While it is debatable if Coach Grimes ran up the score or not (although it is tough to score 100 points in basketball no matter who the opponent is without trying), I do know for a fact that in some soccer leagues, ties and ranking are not only based on how many games you've won but are based on score differentials. The difference between the number of goals your team scores and the number of goals scored against you. What that means is the more goals a team scores in one season the more likely they are to win ties and to even have a higher overall ranking. This practice encourages running up the score which I have witnessed (17-0 U10 boys.) The incentive is to score as much as you can against a weaker opponent because you then have more goals overall. Kick them when they are down, you'll be rewarded for it later.


Winning means everything so do it at all costs.
In an unfortunate incident, two men, Michael Costin, a hockey coach, and father Thomas Junta got into an altercation. It occurred when Junta became angry about slashing and checking in what was supposed to be a non-contact hockey scrimmage, which Costin was supervising. Junta saw another player elbow his son in the face and yelled. Costin replied, "That's hockey." The two men then got into a scuffle near the locker rooms. The boys father, Junta, punched Costin repeatedly in the head and Costinlater died of head trauma.

Read the article here.

Here are additional stories, not at the level of life or death, but of adult mis-behavior at kids sporting events..

The first paragraph from above referenced article is chilling: El Paso youth football games were always rowdy events. But in one memorable year there were two stabbings, a gunfight, and numerous attacks on officials -- all caused by parents taking their children's games too seriously...After one huge melee one parent stabbed another in the head with a down marker while 8- and 9-year-old players watched in horror."

Lessons learned? Perhaps a new use for a down marker. Maybe the kids were learning problem-solving...if you don't have a knife handy and you want to stab someone, think of outside the box...what else is sharp enough at a football game for me to insert it into someone's head. Another valuable sports lesson.

It is ok to scream, insult, yell obscenities and even injure certain people, if you don't agree with them.
Here a just a couple of referee and umpire abuse stories. I am sure you've witnessed some yourself. These are from the National Association of Sports Officials who, unfortunately, have a long list.

In November 2004, a soccer referee was attacked by a youth coach at halftime of a match between 8- and 9-year-olds in the East Bay city of Albany

A parent body-slammed a high school basketball referee after he ordered the man’s wife out of the gym for allegedly yelling obscenities during a basketball game. The referee was treated at a hospital for a concussion and released after the attack.

Roger Bratcher, a father of a T-ball player was briefly jailed after an outburst against an umpire during a game involving 5- and 6-year-olds. The accused threatened to beat the umpire moments before walking onto the field and starting a fight with Eddie Smith, who was officiating the game, according to the criminal complaint. A girl who was playing in the game suffered a minor injury when she was struck in the face during the scuffle.

Also see Violence in Kids Sports for more examples.

And read Abrasive coaches, parents threaten youth sports.

Cheat to win, lie if need be.
In order to win the Little League World Series, coaches illegally played a boy who was two years older than any other boy in the league. First time I saw the boy on TV, I knew he was older than 12 but apparently his parents, coaches and others were clueless...ask long as they were winning.

And the false birth certificate didn't help either. The boy who dominated the Little League World Series in 2005 with his 70 mph fastballs was ruled ineligible after government records experts determined he actually is 14, and that birth certificates showing he was two years younger were false..."Clearly, adults have used this boy and his teammates in a most contemptible and despicable way," said Stephen D. Keener, president and CEO of Little League Baseball in South Williamsport, PA.

However, the founder of the Bronx league in which the boy was allowed to play took no responsibility. He stated, "I trust all the parents in the league to present original documents," said Paulino, who was flanked by team members and parents. "If the parents lie to the league that is not my problem." Did he look at the kid? Didn't the obvious skills gap raise a red flag? The boy clearly not 12. When it means the difference between winning and loosing, some things like rules tend to get overlooked. Ooops. The lesson? cheat if you can get away with it and look the other way if it means you can win a few more games.

Read the story here.

If your team has bad players, get rid of them anyway you can.
Mark R. Downs, a T-ball coach, was convicted of offering an 8-year-old money ($25) to bean an autistic teammate so he couldn't play in an important game was convicted Thursday of two lesser charges against him, and evaded more serious charges. The lesson? Kill the weak, autistic kids shouldn't play baseball, not seeing sportsmanship here, empathy, ethics...anyone? Maybe the coach was teaching the value of money?

Here is the sad article.

Playing Time is Life and Death
In Philadelphia a father pulled a .357 Magnum on his son's football coach, enraged that his son wasn't getting enough playing time -- in an Under-7 Pee Wee football game. Teamwork is the lesson, the father and the coach were working together to get more playing time for the seven year old (sorry under 7).

This comes from an excellent article on the topic titled: Parents, coaches who need time-outs Adult violence at kids' sports sets a terrible example

Conclusion

Ok, ok, you say, "but Karl these are a few isolated incidents, you are just picking out the most violent incidents." Unfortunately, this is a growing trend. Nationwide, incidents of violence among parents involved in youth sports quadrupled between 2000 and 2005 according to Fred Engh, founder and CEO of the National Alliance for Youth Sports. The National Association of Sports Officials receives more than 100 reports annually that involve physical contact between coaches, players, fans and officials.

These are real incidents of violence as opposed to the fictitious violence portrayed in some video games. These are real people pulling real guns, using real fists and endangering real lives. I ask is a child safer playing a video game where the interactions are not real or participating in an event that is likely to turn violent? The kids are witnessing real role-models behaving horribly.

Contrast the violent, win-at-all-cost narcissistic attitude that exudes from kids sports with the traits taught by video games (according to a joint commission of the National Federation of Scientists, the National Science Foundation and the non-profit group, the Entertainment Software Association.) The positive traits of video games:
  • Many video games require players to master skills in demand by today’s employers—strategic and analytical thinking, problem solving, planning and execution, decision-making,and adaptation to rapid change.
  • Video games can be used to practice practical skills and important skills that are rarely used, to train for high-performance situations in a low-consequence-for-failure environment, and for team building.
  • Video Games offer attributes important for learning—clear goals, lessons that can be practiced repeatedly until mastered, monitoring learner progress and adjusting instruction to learner level of mastery, closing the gap between what is learned and its use, motivation that encourages time on task, personalization of learning, and infinite patience.
When you contrasts the lessons learned from kids sports and compare the worst in kids sports (which is becoming the norm) with the worst in video games...kids sports are far more violent, dangerous and corrupting than an innocent video game where no real persons are injured, threatened or endangered.
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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide

Monday, June 22, 2009

On the Air: Speaking about Video Games on NPR Station WITF



On June 23rd, I am a guest on local NPR station WITF which is a public broadcasting network for central Pennsylvania (where I live). The discussion starts at 9:00 AM EST.

Check out a preview of the interview, Educating Through Video Games. Please stop by a leave a comment or two. What do you think about the topic? What questions would you like to have answered? What examples can you think of that show video games are good for learning?

If you want to listen to the interview live on the web go to 93.3 live. Remember, it starts at 9:00 AM on June 23rd.

Also, as part of the radio interview process, I wrote an article about the role video games can play in education. So checkout Eyes on Our Educators - Central PA Magazine, July 2009 to see the article. Again, please stop by and a leave a comment and your reaction to the article.

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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide

Tuesday, June 16, 2009

Enterprisewide Development Application: STT Trainer

The lesson layout screen for STT Trainer.


I had a great conversation and demonstration the other day with Scott and Stephen from STT Trainer. The product supports rapid authoring of simulation-based training for IT applications. It is designed for collaborative development of simulations across an organization.

The application allows you to create a demo of how a piece of software works or provide guided practice or even test the learner with no hints or help. The software also has a great Laser Beam function.

The Laser Beam function helps a learner find relevant interaction spots quickly.When activated, it lights up to lead the learner's eye to the interaction spot. This speeds up finding an icon, but still requires the learner to select it by themselves.

Portal showing all the course options which are easily accessible from one menu.


If you are thinking about an enterprise roll-out of ERP or other software, STT Trainer is one option you should investigate. It is one of those best kept secrets that should not be a secret.
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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide

Monday, June 15, 2009

Simulations and Learning how to run a "Code"

My presentation at the Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center was a lot of fun. I got the chance to work with a great group of educators and demonstrate an interactive audience response system and several computer-based simulations. During the course of the workshop, we had lots of fun discussing the best methods for transferring knowledge from Boomers to Gamers.

As part of the workshop, I got to experiment and see some of the medical mannequins and tools they use to help train future nurses.

I got the opportunity to run a "code" with a life-sized simulation dummy (we called him Mr. Wham) in Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center. The computer controlled patient was given a heart attack and a team of nurse educators and myself (who played the patient's son)then simulated the process of trying to save the patient--complete with injections and CPR. It was interesting.

Helping out with a simulated "code."


The simulation was timed and observers behind a one way piece of glass evaluated our performance.

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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide

Monday, June 08, 2009

Tips for Teaching Problem Solving Skills

One of the best methods of teaching learners how to solve a problem is through the use of case studies and branching stories.

A goal of a problem solving e-learning module is to present a problem to the learner that closely approximates an actual situation the learner will encounter on the job.

Include the following in your case study to teach problem solving:

 Provide practice

 Needs to be realistic

 Job related

 Relevant to the learner

 Encourages learner to think


Once the problem is presented, have the online learners analyze the available information, develop a course of action, and explore their decisions as they relate to the case according to pre-developed questions which branch from location to location.

During this process, the learners need to be encouraged to use metacognition*. The process of solving the case allows the learners to apply the rules, procedures, and concepts learned earlier to a new problem in a safe environment. The effective e-learning module asks questions to guide the learner through the process but doesn’t actually “give answers.” The learners need to develop solutions on their own. Online this can be a link to a “coach” or “mentor.”

Solving problems in a safe environment provides the learner with a high level of comfort when he or she actually encounters a similar situation on the job. The investment in time to develop and administer cases studies is paid back in terms of increased learning and retention of information.

*Metacognition

Metacognition is simply the educational term for “thinking about thinking.” Learners need to be taught to think about how they think.

Research suggests that emphasis on metacognition during training significantly improves the subsequent ability of the learners to solve problems. Typically, an expert problem solver monitors his or her performance while solving a problem. The expert will analyze how they are looking at the parts of the problem, access the logic they are using to reach a conclusion, predict outcomes, compare and contrast with former problem solving sessions, weight their conclusions and then offer a solution to the problem.

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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide

Thursday, June 04, 2009

Tuesday, June 02, 2009

Learning in 3D Manuscript is Done!


Here it is the 403 double spaced manuscript for Learning in 3D...the book Tony O'Driscoll and I have written (with input from tons of others.) The book is scheduled for release in early 2010. Now onto making sure the images meet the needs of the publisher.
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Catalog of Recommended Books, Games and Gadgets
Recommended Games and Gadgets
Recommended Books
Content Guide